HAproxy is good at what it does but it’s only good at proxying and simple rules. For the most part, it’s used as a load balancer and router and doesn’t really process the requests itself.

To add something here: HAProxy’s ACLs are more powerful than anything nginx, Apache or even Envoy can do. Of course HAProxy is not a web server but “just” a reverse proxy that speaks HTTP (and TCP) but what you can do with its ACLs is often extremely impressive in its simplicity and elegance. A single-line ACL in HAProxy would require loading additional modules in nginx and writing a screenful of configuration directives. Though the average self-hoster will probably never need any of the power HAProxy offers.

In the past 20 years I have professionally used all four of these as web servers and/or reverse proxies and I am pretty confident that HAProxy beats all others when it comes to request processing. Though Envoy might be getting there.

In case you didn’t know, Münecat recently uploaded a three-hour video debunking evolutionary psychology: https://youtu.be/31e0RcImReY

I figure the overlap between hbomberguy and münecat viewers in the Venn diagram is basically a circle, so that should help if you have an hbomberguy craving.

But what can it do more easily than an mid 20th century home can do?

One word: Automations. Everything from lights to irrigation, HVAC to surveillance cameras, fishtanks to plant monitoring, managed by a single, extensible open source platform, hosted locally in your own home.

Of course that is not trivial. If you don’t see your smart home as a hobby you enjoy putting time and effort into then the smart home scene is not for you, especially not Home Assistant.

Sounds like you are in a fine place with your home, so you are probably not the target audience here.

With plugins you mean add-ons like Z2M, Mosquitto or VSCode Server, right?